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Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) - Cambodia (2001)

Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) z Cambodia (2001)

 Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006)Cambodia (2001)
 Cocos (Keeling) IslandsCambodia
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) 20 provinces (khett, singular and plural) and 4 municipalities* (krong, singular and plural); Banteay Mean Cheay, Batdambang, Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Spoe, Kampong Thum, Kampot, Kandal, Kaoh Kong, Keb*, Kracheh, Mondol Kiri, Otdar Mean Cheay, Pailin*, Phnum Penh*, Pouthisat, Preah Seihanu* (Sihanoukville), Preah Vihear, Prey Veng, Rotanah Kiri, Siem Reab, Stoeng Treng, Svay Rieng, Takev
Age structure 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA (2006 est.)
0-14 years:
41.25% (male 2,626,821; female 2,526,510)

15-64 years:
55.28% (male 3,253,611; female 3,651,129)

65 years and over:
3.47% (male 177,577; female 255,853) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts rice, rubber, corn, vegetables
Airports 1 (2006) 19 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)
total:
6

2,438 to 3,047 m:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
2 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
13

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
11 (2000 est.)
Area total: 14 sq km


land: 14 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
total:
181,040 sq km

land:
176,520 sq km

water:
4,520 sq km
Area - comparative about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly smaller than Oklahoma
Background There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. Following a five-year struggle, communist Khmer Rouge forces captured Phnom Penh in 1975 and ordered the evacuation of all cities and towns; over 1 million displaced people died from execution or enforced hardships. A 1978 Vietnamese invasion drove the Khmer Rouge into the countryside and touched off 13 years of fighting. UN-sponsored elections in 1993 helped restore some semblance of normalcy, as did the rapid diminishment of the Khmer Rouge in the mid-1990s. A coalition government, formed after national elections in 1998, brought renewed political stability and the surrender of remaining Khmer Rouge forces.
Birth rate NA 33.16 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA
revenues:
$363 million

expenditures:
$532 million, including capital expenditures of $225 million (2000 est.)
Capital name: West Island


geographic coordinates: 12 10 S, 96 55 E


time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Phnom Penh
Climate tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry season (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 26 km 443 km
Constitution Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1955) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 promulgated 21 September 1993
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands


conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional long form:
Kingdom of Cambodia

conventional short form:
Cambodia

local long form:
Preahreacheanachakr Kampuchea

local short form:
Kampuchea

former:
Khmer Republic, Kampuchea Republic
Currency - riel (KHR)
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 10.65 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $829 million (1999 est.)
Dependency status non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission:
Ambassador Kent M. WIEDEMANN

embassy:
16-18 Mongkol lem St. 228, Phnom Penh

mailing address:
Box P, APO AP 96546

telephone:
[855] (23) 216-436

FAX:
[855] (23) 216-437
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission:
Ambassador Roland ENG

chancery:
4500 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011

telephone:
[1] (202) 726-7742

FAX:
[1] (202) 726-8381
Disputes - international none portions of boundary with Vietnam are disputed; parts of border with Thailand are indefinite
Economic aid - recipient $NA $548 million pledged in grants and concessional loans for 2001 by international donors
Economy - overview Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. Cambodia's economy slowed dramatically in 1997-98 due to the regional economic crisis, civil violence, and political infighting. Foreign investment and tourism fell off. In 1999, the first full year of peace in 30 years, progress was made on economic reforms and growth resumed at 4%. GDP growth for 2000 had been projected to reach 5.5%, but the worst flooding in 70 years severely damaged agricultural crops, and high oil prices hurt industrial production, and growth for the year is estimated at only 4%. Tourism is Cambodia's fastest growing industry, with arrivals up 34% in 2000. The long-term development of the economy after decades of war remains a daunting challenge. The population lacks education and productive skills, particularly in the poverty-ridden countryside, which suffers from an almost total lack of basic infrastructure. Fear of renewed political instability and corruption within the government discourage foreign investment and delay foreign aid. On the brighter side, the government is addressing these issues with assistance from bilateral and multilateral donors.
Electricity - consumption - 136.7 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 147 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
59.18%

hydro:
40.82%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
lowest point:
Gulf of Thailand 0 m

highest point:
Phnum Aoral 1,810 m
Environment - current issues fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs illegal logging activities throughout the country and strip mining for gems in the western region along the border with Thailand have resulted in habitat loss and declining biodiversity (in particular, destruction of mangrove swamps threatens natural fisheries); soil erosion; in rural areas, a majority of the population does not have access to potable water; toxic waste delivery from Taiwan sparked unrest in Kampong Saom (Sihanoukville) in December 1998
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Marine Life Conservation, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping
Ethnic groups Europeans, Cocos Malays Khmer 90%, Vietnamese 5%, Chinese 1%, other 4%
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001) riels per US dollar - 3,909.0 (January 2001), 3,840.8 (2000), 3,807.8 (1999), 3,744.4 (1998), 2,946.3 (1997), 2,624.1 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006)


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
chief of state:
King Norodom SIHANOUK (reinstated 24 September 1993)

head of government:
Prime Minister HUN SEN (since 30 November 1998)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is chosen by a Royal Throne Council; prime minister appointed by the monarch after a vote of confidence by the National Assembly
Exports $NA $942 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities copra timber, garments, rubber, rice, fish
Exports - partners Australia (2004) Vietnam 18%, Thailand 15%, US 10%, Singapore 8%, China 5% (1997)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June calendar year
Flag description the flag of Australia is used three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (double width), and blue with a white three-towered temple representing Angkor Wat outlined in black in the center of the red band
GDP - purchasing power parity - $16.1 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
43%

industry:
20%

services:
37% (1998 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $1,300 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 4% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 30 S, 96 50 E 13 00 N, 105 00 E
Geography - note islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation a land of paddies and forests dominated by the Mekong River and Tonle Sap
Heliports - 3 (2000 est.)
Highways - total:
35,769 km

paved:
4,165 km

unpaved:
31,604 km (1997)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
2.9%

highest 10%:
33.8% (1997)
Illicit drugs - possible money laundering; narcotics-related corruption reportedly involving some in the government, military, and police; possible small-scale opium, heroin, and amphetamine production; large producer of cannabis for the international market
Imports $NA $1.3 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs cigarettes, gold, construction materials, petroleum products, machinery, motor vehicles
Imports - partners Australia (2004) Thailand 16%, Vietnam 9%, Japan 7%, Hong Kong 5%, China 5% (1997)
Independence none (territory of Australia) 9 November 1953 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries copra products and tourism garments, tourism, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
65.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 1.6% (2000 est.)
International organization participation none ACCT, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (subscriber), ITU, NAM, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 2 (2000)
Irrigated land NA 920 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court Supreme Council of the Magistracy (provided for in the constitution and formed in December 1997); Supreme Court (and lower courts) exercises judicial authority
Labor force NA 6 million (1998 est.)
Labor force - by occupation note: the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others agriculture 80% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
2,572 km

border countries:
Laos 541 km, Thailand 803 km, Vietnam 1,228 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
arable land:
13%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
11%

forests and woodland:
66%

other:
10% (1993 est.)
Languages Malay (Cocos dialect), English Khmer (official) 95%, French, English
Legal system based upon the laws of Australia and local laws primarily a civil law mixture of French-influenced codes from the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) period, royal decrees, and acts of the legislature, with influences of customary law and remnants of communist legal theory; increasing influence of common law in recent years
Legislative branch unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007)
bicameral consists of the National Assembly (122 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Senate (61 seats; two members appointed by the monarch, two elected by the National Assembly, and 57 elected by "functional constituencies"; members serve five-year terms

elections:
National Assembly - last held 26 July 1998 (next to be held NA 2003); Senate - last held 2 March 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
National Assembly - percent of vote by party - CPP 41%, FUNCINPEC 32%, SRP 14%, other 13%; seats by party - CPP 64, FUNCINPEC 43, SRP 15; Senate - seats by party - CPP 31, FUNCINPEC 21, SRP 7
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population:
56.82 years

male:
54.62 years

female:
59.12 years (2001 est.)
Literacy NA definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
35%

male:
48%

female:
22% (1990 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos
Map references Southeast Asia Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - total:
295 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,305,932 GRT/1,853,487 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 22, cargo 237, chemical tanker 1, combination bulk 3, container 8, liquefied gas 1, livestock carrier 2, multi-functional large-load carrier 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 7, refrigerated cargo 6, roll on/roll off 5, short-sea passenger 1

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Cyprus 3, South Korea 1, Malta 1, Panama 1, Russia 1, Singapore 1 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory has a five-person police force -
Military branches - Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF), including Army, Navy, and Air Force - created in 1993 by the merger of the Cambodian People's Armed Forces and the two noncommunist resistance armies

note:
Khmer Rouge and royalist insurgent forces were integrated into the RCAF in 1999
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $112 million (FY01 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 3% (FY01 est.)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
2,877,137 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
1,610,761 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
162,643 (2001 est.)
National holiday Australia Day, 26 January (1788) Independence Day, 9 November (1953)
Nationality noun: Cocos Islander(s)


adjective: Cocos Islander
noun:
Cambodian(s)

adjective:
Cambodian
Natural hazards cyclone season is October to April monsoonal rains (June to November); flooding; occasional droughts
Natural resources fish timber, gemstones, some iron ore, manganese, phosphates, hydropower potential
Net migration rate NA 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders none Buddhist Liberal Party or BLP [IENG MOULY]; Cambodian Pracheachon Party or Cambodian People's Party or CPP [CHEA SIM]; Khmer Citizen Party or KCP [NGUON SOEUR]; National United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative Cambodia or FUNCINPEC [Prince NORODOM RANARIDDH]; Sam Rangsi Party or SRP (formerly Khmer Nation Party or KNP) [SAM RANGSI]
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 574 (July 2006 est.) 12,491,501

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - 36% (1997 est.)
Population growth rate 0% (2006 est.) 2.25% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Kampong Saom (Sihanoukville), Kampot, Krong Kaoh Kong, Phnom Penh
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004) AM 7, FM 3, shortwave 3 (1999)
Radios - 1.34 million (1997)
Railways - total:
603 km

narrow gauge:
603 km 1.000-m gauge
Religions Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) Theravada Buddhist 95%, other 5%
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.89 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.69 male(s)/female

total population:
0.94 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage NA 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 61; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 INTELSAT satellite earth station
general assessment:
adequate landline and/or cellular service in Phnom Penh and other provincial cities; rural areas have little telephone service

domestic:
NA

international:
adequate but expensive landline and cellular service available to all countries from Phnom Penh and major provincial cities; satellite earth station - 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region)
Telephones - main lines in use 287 (1992) 21,800 (mid-1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular note - analog cellular service available 80,000 (2000)
Television broadcast stations NA 5 (1999)
Terrain flat, low-lying coral atolls mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north
Total fertility rate NA 4.74 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 60% (2000 est.) 2.8% (1999 est.)
Waterways - 3,700 km

note:
navigable all year to craft drawing 0.6 m or less; 282 km navigable to craft drawing as much as 1.8 m
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